Article types

Research outputs come in various formats, though they aren’t always shared with the academic community. At F1000, we believe non-traditional research outputs hold real value for both the individual researcher and society.  

When you publish all your research outputs, you not only get credit for the full scope of your research project but also add transparency to your research process and open the door for greater impact and visibility.

Plus, publishing more research outputs to the version of record has the potential to aid the advancement of science more generally by reducing research waste and enabling others to build upon existing work. This, in turn, increases the efficiency of future projects and enables further discoveries.

F1000 publishing venues welcome an extensive list of peer reviewed and non-peer reviewed article types.

All our articles are published with a unique digital object identifier (DOI) to enable increased discoverability and citations. 

Explore all our peer reviewed and non-peer reviewed article types below. Please note that available article types may differ between F1000 publishing venues.

Brief Reports

Brief Reports are small, often preliminary studies that contain only essential references, and minimal tables and figures, placing full attention on empirical methods, results, and data analysis, and the implications of those results.

Case Reports

A medical Case Report should be original and provide adequate detail of a single patient case. Case Reports do not need to describe an especially novel or unusual case as there is a benefit from collecting details of many standard cases. 

Case Studies

Case Studies are a process or record of research into the development of a person, group, or situation over a period of time. They are an empirical inquiry that investigates research application through real-life context or imagined scenarios.

Clinical Practice Articles

Clinical Practice Articles describe case series (i.e. a group or series of case reports involving patients who were given similar treatment) but should not be based on a single case. 

Correspondence

Correspondence articles are short commentaries on one or more articles published at an F1000 publishing venue or elsewhere. They must provide scholarly discussion supported by evidence from the published literature. 

Data Notes

Data Notes are brief descriptions of datasets that promote the potential reuse of research data and include details of why and how the data were created; they do not include any analyses or conclusions. 

Essays

Essays are analytic or interpretive compositions on a single topic. This could include articles outlining an argument or personal point of view. Peer review focuses on whether the research methods are appropriate, and whether the claims in the paper are sound.

Genome Notes

Genome Notes are brief descriptions of genome sequences that promote the potential reuse of sequences and include details of why and how the genomes were sequenced; they do not include any analyses or conclusions. 

Living Systematic Reviews

Living Systematic Reviews (LSRs) are continually updated as new evidence become available. LSRs employ a methodology of constant surveillance of the literature to identify new evidence that becomes available following the publication of the baseline systematic review.

Method Articles

Method Articles detail new and well-tested experimental, observational, theoretical, or computational methods or procedures, including new study methods, substantive modifications to methods, or innovative applications of existing methods to new models. 

Open Letters

Open Letters are short, peer reviewed articles discussing policies relevant to a broad research community, presenting guidelines or whitepapers, or announcing new initiatives. An Open Letter should usually represent the views of a group of researchers. 

Opinion Articles

Opinion Articles give the authors’ perspective on a topical issue. Where appropriate, authors should provide a balanced view of different opinions in the field and make it clear where they are expressing their own personal views and why. 

Policy Briefs

Policy Briefs provide a succinct overview and analysis of a policy or policy-related issue. The article should include a section on implications while actionable recommendations and policy options are encouraged. As much as possible, Policy Briefs should be written to be understood by the public.

Registered Reports

Registered Reports are a form of an empirical article in which the methods and proposed analyses are published and reviewed prior to research being conducted. This format of the article seeks to neutralize a variety of inappropriate research practices, including inadequate statistical power and selective reporting of results. 

Research Articles

Research Articles should present originality in findings and insights and offer theoretical, empirical, experimental, and/or methodological advances to their respective fields of research. Null and negative findings and reanalysis of previous studies leading to new results, as well as confirmatory results, are also encouraged. 

Reviews

Reviews provide a balanced and comprehensive overview of the latest discoveries in a particular field. We welcome Review Articles that summarize topics that have not yet been covered the same way in the existing published literature. Reviews should not include new research, data, or propose new hypotheses

Software Tool Articles

A Software Tool Article should include the rationale for the development of the tool and details of the code used for its construction. The article should provide examples of suitable input data sets and include an example of the output that can be expected from the tool and how this output should be interpreted. 

Study Protocols

Study Protocols describe in detail any study design, including the experimental design of basic and applied research, systematic reviews, or protocols defining research questions and empirical methods. Study pre-protocols may also be submitted and will be clearly labeled as such when published.

Systematic Reviews

Systematic Reviews should address a clearly formulated question and use systematic and explicit methods to identify, select, and critically assess the relevant research.