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Figure 1.
Location of BNMAb epitopes on HIV-1 Env
The HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) is shown as a transparent mesh and represents three gp120 molecules non-covalently linked to three gp41 molecules on the surface of an HIV-1 virion [7]. The overall Env structure was obtained at a resolution of approximately 20 Å by cryo-electron tomography and was modified from [21]. gp120 (red) was located into the electron tomography model using the b12-bound atomic coordinates [22]. (a) Regions on gp120 or gp41 approximating to prototype broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibody (BNMAb) and new BNMAb epitopes are labelled with arrows. The IgG1b12-binding surface is labelled yellow, and the bases of the variable regions (missing in this structure) are labelled blue, green, and pink. (b) The same model with the gp120 glycans shown in blue reveals the extensive glycosylation present as an antibody evasion mechanism on Env, and glycans implicated in BNMAb 2G12 binding are highlighted in white and labelled with an arrow. HIV-1, human immunodeficiency virus type-1; MPER, membrane-proximal external region. |
